Table 3

Thematic presentation of effect of safety culture interventions on staff

Churruca themeSubdomainsItems/references
Teamwork and CollaborationTeamwork (SCC) (CAS)
Teamwork Climate (SAQ) (SCQ)
Teamwork with Units (HSOPS)
Teamwork across Units (HSOPS)
Handoffs and Transitions (HSOPS)
Interdisciplinary teamwork
Interprofessional team experience
Team Orientation
60
Leadership and Leadership Support for SafetyPerceptions of Management (SAQ)
Manager Expectations and Actions Promoting Patient Safety (HSOPS)
Management Support for Patient Safety (HSOPS)
Leadership Improvement (SCLS)
44
Reporting and Just CultureFrequency of Events Reported (HSOPS) Non-Punitive Response to Error (HSOPS)
Fear of Negative Repercussions (SCLS)
Reporting of near misses
Information Processes (SCC)
Feedback and Communication about Error (HSOPS)
42
Perceptions of SafetySafety Climate (SAQ)
Overall Perception of Patient Safety (HSOPS)
Safety Climate (SCQ)
Perceived State of Safety (SCLS)
Safety Awareness (SCC)
Safety Awareness (awareness of risks)
Safety Attitude
30
Resources and ConstraintsWorking Conditions (SAQ)
Staffing (HSOPS)
Turnover
25
OpennessCommunication Openness (HSOPS)
Open Communication (CAS)
Quality of Communication
Communication (SCC)
Multiprofessional Communication
16
Well-beingJob Satisfaction (SAQ)
Emotional Exhaustion (Maslach Burnout Inventory)
Valuing Individuals (CAS)
Empowering People (CAS)
16
Learning and ImprovementOrganisational Learning/Continuous Improvement (HSOPS)
Learning (CAS)
Organisational Learning and Improvement Processes (SCC)
Organisational Culture Assessment
15
Awareness of Human LimitsStress Recognition (SAQ)13
Prioritisation of SafetyCommitment to Safe Practice (SCC)
Safety behaviour
Valuing Safety (SCLS)
Patient safety is everyone’s priority (CAS)
4
Safety SystemsSystems Thinking1
  • CAS, Culture Assessment Survey; HSOPSC, Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture; SAQ, Safety Attitudes Questionnaire; SCC, Safety Climate and Capability; SCLS, Safety Culture and Leadership Survey.