Demographics of patients included in the project (N=199) at baseline
| Usual care n=100 | Automated refills n=99 | |
| Age, years | 66.5 (10.2) | 64.9 (11.3) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 98 (98.0) | 92 (92.9) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 66 (66.0) | 59 (59.6) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 16 (16.0) | 17 (17.2) |
| Hispanic | 5 (5.0) | 6 (6.1) |
| Other | 13 (13.0) | 17 (17.2) |
| Community-based clinic, n (%) | 39 (39.0) | 34 (34.3) |
| Service connection percent* | 74.4 (23.9) | 78.5 (21.7) |
| Outpatient visits, prior quarter | 9.6 (8.3) | 11.1 (10.2) |
| PCP visits, prior quarter | 0.7 (0.8) | 0.6 (0.8) |
| Baseline HgbA1C | 7.6 (1.2) | 8.0 (1.6) |
| Baseline MPR DM drugs | 66.3 (16.6) | 48.7 (15.6) |
| Baseline MPR reference drugs | 84.5 (22.9) | 78.6 (22.4) |
Mean (SD) unless otherwise shown.
*Service connection is a Veterans Health Administration-specific rating of medical disability due to military service; connection >30% was the 2019 threshold for elimination of medication copayments.
DM, diabetes mellitus; MPR, medication possession ratio; PCP, primary care provider.