Table 1

Components of the rater training education intervention to assist with recognition and assessment of frailty

Educational sectionDelivery methodComponents
Concept of frailtyLectureThe concept of frailty
Use of the Clinical Frailty Scale
Prevalence of frailty in COPD
Impact of frailty on COPD outcomes (mortality, exacerbation, hospitalisation, etc)
Frame of reference trainingFacilitated group discussionIndependent frailty ratings by participants of a clinical example
Participants supported their ratings by citing specific patient factors
Rater error trainingFacilitated group discussionExamples of common rating errors (leniency, halo, central tendency, primacy) were provided
Four clinical vignettes with rating errors were then presented
Participants were encouraged to identify and discuss the rating errors present in the four clinical vignettes
Performance dimension trainingSmall and facilitated group discussionGroups of 2–3 discussed and provided a rating for 1–2 clinical vignettes
Each group was provided different vignettes
A summary and rating were presented by a spokesperson of each group
Group discussion to probe for supporting evidence and develop consensus was encouraged by the facilitator
  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.