Table 1

The working analysis framework adapted from the ‘Multidimensional Framework for Patient and Family Engagement in Health and Health Care’15

Analysis framework
Dimension	Definition	Analysis questions
Level of involvement	The level of the healthcare system at which the QI intervention is carried out.	At which level of the healthcare system is the QI intervention carried out? Direct care (eg, individual patient care). Organisational design and governance (eg, QI team, patient safety team, hospital-wide project, leadership and management). Society (eg, national health programme, policy-making, research).
Degree of involvement	The place on the continuum of patient involvement where the QI intervention is carried out.	Where on the continuum of patient involvement is the QI intervention carried out? 0. No patient involvement. 1. Consultation (eg, informed, survey, focus group). 2. Involvement (eg, invited to give feedback, active involvement, patient representative, QI team member, steering groups, research). 3. Partnership and shared leadership (codesign and coproduction, coleadership in QI).
Factors influencing involvement	The factors that influence patient involvement in the local QI intervention.	What factors may have influenced the adaptation of patient involvement in the local QI intervention? Patient (beliefs about the patient role, health literacy, education). Organisation (policies and practices, culture). Society (social norms, regulations, policy).