Evidence-based care as observed around the time of birth
| Activities | Overall | DH | UHC | P value |
| Assessment at admission | n=317 | n=136 | n=181 | |
| Blood pressure monitored | 52.4 | 59.6 | 47.0 | 0.064 |
| Pulse counted | 22.1 | 10.3 | 30.9 | <0.001 |
| Abdomen examined | 48.6 | 47.1 | 49.7 | 0.472 |
| Fetal heart rate monitored | 14.8 | 6.6 | 21.0 | <0.001 |
| Temperature measured | 1.9 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 0.723 |
| Urine assessed | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.737 |
| Per-vaginal examination conducted | 93.1 | 90.4 | 95.0 | 0.272 |
| All of the above examinations received | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| During the first stage of labour | n=272 | n=111 | n=161 | |
| Started partograph for monitoring labour | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
| Women examined for vitals in labour ward | 91.5 | 89.2 | 93.2 | 0.060 |
| During the third stage of labour | n=297 | n=141 | n=156 | |
| Oxytocin given as part of AMTSL | 82.5 | 94.3 | 71.8 | <0.001 |
| Uterine massage immediately after delivery | 60.3 | 58.9 | 61.5 | 0.491 |
| Care of newborns for all live births | n=287 | n=132 | n=155 | |
| Spontaneous breathing assessed | 90.2 | 93.2 | 87.7 | 0.122 |
| Dried immediately and thoroughly | 97.6 | 98.5 | 96.8 | 0.349 |
| Put on skin to skin immediately after birth | 27.2 | 24.2 | 29.7 | 0.198 |
| Delayed cord clamping (after 1 min) | 69.3 | 75.0 | 64.5 | 0.210 |
| Cutting cord with sterile blade | 61.0 | 70.5 | 52.9 | 0.002 |
| Breastfeeding initiated within 1 hour | 62.0 | 76.5 | 49.7 | <0.001 |
| Chlorhexidine applied to umbilical cord | 57.1 | 61.2 | 53.6 | 0.409 |
| Birth weight taken | 75.6 | 86.4 | 66.5 | <0.001 |
| All seven components of immediate newborn care* practiced | 17.4 | 18.2 | 16.8 | 0.979 |
| Management of birth asphyxia† | n=77 | n=30 | n=47 | |
| External stimulation or resuscitation given | 97.4 | 96.7 | 97.9 | 0.746 |
*Immediate newborn care practices: assessment of spontaneous breathing, drying immediately and thoroughly, skin-to-skin contact, delayed cord cutting, cutting cord with sterile blade, initiation of breast feeding within 1 hour and application of chlorhexidine to umbilical cord.
†Newborn who did not cry or breathe spontaneously at birth.
AMTSL, active management of the third stage of labour; DH, district hospital; UHC, Upazilla health complex.